Une recherche appliquée à l'aménagement du territoire: le SIGde l'État de Veracruz (Mexique)

De l’analyse spatiale au développement régional, bref aperçu d’un Système d’Information Géographique permettant aux chercheurs et aux aménageurs de rapprocher leurs méthodes de travail

Exploring spatial patterns and hotspots of diarrhea in Chiang Mai, Thailand

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Diarrhea is a major public health problem in Thailand. The Ministry of Public Health, Thailand, has been trying to monitor and control this disease for many years. The methodology and the results from this study could be useful for public health officers to develop a system to monitor and prevent diarrhea outbreaks.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The objective of this study was to analyse the epidemic outbreak patterns of diarrhea in Chiang Mai province, Northern Thailand, in terms of their geographical distributions and hotspot identification. The data of patients with diarrhea at village level and the 2001–2006 population censuses were collected to achieve the objective. Spatial analysis, using geographic information systems (GIS) and other methods, was used to uncover the hidden phenomena from the data. In the data analysis section, spatial statistics such as quadrant analysis (QA), nearest neighbour analysis (NNA), and spatial autocorrelation analysis (SAA), were used to identify the spatial patterns of diarrhea in Chiang Mai province. In addition, local indicators of spatial association (LISA) and kernel density (KD) estimation were used to detect diarrhea hotspots using data at village level.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The hotspot maps produced by the LISA and KD techniques showed spatial trend patterns of diarrhea diffusion. Villages in the middle and northern regions revealed higher incidences. Also, the spatial patterns of diarrhea during the years 2001 and 2006 were found to represent spatially clustered patterns, both at global and local scales.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Spatial analysis methods in GIS revealed the spatial patterns and hotspots of diarrhea in Chiang Mai province from the year 2001 to 2006. To implement specific and geographically appropriate public health risk-reduction programs, the use of such spatial analysis tools may become an integral component in the epidemiologic description, analysis, and risk assessment of diarrhea.</p

Du SIG à l'atlas infographique de Quito

L'article décrit l'enchaînement logique des processus ayant permis la réalisation de l'Atlas infographique de Quito, depuis l'acquisition des équipements informatiques juqu'à la livraison des films prêts à être imprimés, en insistant tout particulièrement sur le traitement et la cartographie des données. (Résumé d'auteur

Covid-19: Spatial analysis of lethality in France during the first epidemic inception

The case-fatality rate of a disease in a population is an index of severity of the disease in that population, and of the capacity of the healthcare system to reduce mortality. In principle, this allows to compare the effectiveness of healthcare systems across regions or countries: when population risk factors and reporting systems are identical, case-fatality rate evaluation represents an excellent tool for analyzing, understanding and improving the overall performance of the health system, ..

SIG et évaluation des risques naturels : application aux risques sismiques de Quito

L'article retrace rapidement les principales étapes de la réalisation d'un scénario sismique sur la ville de Quito. Les croisements nécessaires entre les données provenant de domaines variés (sciences de la terre, ingénierie civile, et sociodémographie) ont pu être effectués rapidement grâce à l'utilisation du SIG SAVANE. LE SIG a permis l'édition de documents graphiques décrivant de façon concrète la vulnérabilité sismique de la ville, facilitant ainsi la prise de conscience des responsables politiques et économiques. (Résumé d'auteur